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about us

Michigan Outlaws is the University of Michigan Law School's LGBTQi(&allies) student association. As of today, we have over fifty active members and hundreds of alumni throughout the world. Our goals are simply to create a welcoming environment for LGBTQi students and to provide a forum for exploration and education in queer legal issues.

executive board

  • Co-chair: Mary (2L)
  • Co-chair: Claire (1L)
  • Treasurer: Mike (1L)
  • Secretary: Bob (2L)

  • 1L Rep: Claire (1L)
  • Alum, Admiss, & Fac: Samara (1L)
  • Bsmnt Grp Relations: Rooks (1L)
  • PAC: Steve (1L)
  • Social Chair: Sarah (1L)
  • Campus Liaison: Tom (1L)


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Sunday, July 31, 2005

news: when it comes to gay families, bush cites weird science...again

Anytime someone starts a sentence with the words "studies have shown," here's what you do: laugh.

(link to article)


A new layout? You're darn tootin'!

I had a few concerned individuals say, "Robert, the Outlaws site is so frickin' fantastic that I can't imagine anyone being able to ever make a better one," and I agreed with them, but then they added, "but we're worried that when you graduate and are immediately appointed to the Supreme Court there won't be anyone smart enough to maintain it."

Ok, point taken. So, I've bloggerized the site, which means I've bloggerised the site if you're British or a bad speller. I'll be adding features, funny pictures of kittens, and lots of flashy things that go woo woo woo on the screen and really distract you. You like MIDI? Tough. There will be no MIDI.

lovingly yours forever and a day,
robert.

p.s. The message board is still intact. Go--board it, message it, do it now!

p.p.s. Yes, this is a default layout, yes I will be changing it. Yes. Yes. Quit bugging me.


doc: UM Brief Against Prop 2

It's one thing for your university to slip you some lip service about GLBT issues. It's another thing completely for your university to amicus on behalf of something that affects your life. Thanks UM and Wayne State--this means a lot.


(link to brief (word doc))


Outlaws announces the Perry Watkins Fellowship!

UMLS, as a sign of their deep regret at being caught in the crossfire between the Solomon Amendment and common sense, has offered up a temporary amelioration: the Perry Watkins Fellowship. It's open to anyone doing LBTG legal work at UMLS--so, apply.

(link to application)


Links!

Ann Arbor/University of Michigan


Legal


Political


Other Resources


Prospectives!

We are so glad you are considering joining us @ UM Law and we would love to hear from you. The decision to attend a particular law school is difficult. This decision is even more difficult for transgender, lesbian, bisexual, and gay students who are wondering if they will feel comfortable in a particular program or location.

We would be glad to put you in touch with a current student who would happily discuss life at Michigan. Please e-mail us with any questions, and we will gladly respond (see the sidebar for our email address--we get too much spam to write it out here).

If you're visiting for either of the Preview Weekends, we'll be there. We plan events during the Preview Weekends and look forward to meeting you!

Below, you'll find information that we think is useful to consider when deciding on a law school. We hope you find it as useful as many of us did.

Organizations

The Law School Admission Council (LSAC) has some useful information for LGBT Applicants as well as a chart of all the American Bar Association Approved Law Schools including whether they have: a LGBT nondiscrimination policy, a LGBT student organization, any openly LGBT faculty members, any courses specific to LGBT interests, and any LGBT partnership benefits.

One caveat: verify all of this information before applying or accepting an offer from a particular school. Faculty sometimes move, courses are discontinued, and student organizations may change their focus over time.

The National Lesbian and Gay Law Association (NLGLA) is comprised of LGBT lawyers, legal professionals, and law students. NLGLA's Student Division works to represent the concerns and interests of LGBT students at the nation's law schools. Note that the NLGLA website has a student and prospective student section. Each fall, NLGLA and the National Lesbian and Gay Law Foundation sponsor the Lavender Law conference, which brings together hundreds of lawyers, professionals, and law students from around the country to discuss issues relating to the LGBT community. Lavender Law also includes a career fair, which attracts law firms, non-profit organizations, corporate legal departments, and government employers.


Fourteen Things to Ponder Before Applying to Law School...


1. Look for schools in areas that have large LGBT populations. Generally, this means large cities or politically progressive areas.

2. Research the LGBT community at schools you are considering. Even schools located in gay-friendly areas can vary widely in terms of on-campus climate and attitudes. You are going to spend a lot of time at school over the next three years, so make sure a given school is a place you will find comfortable.

3. Look for law schools that offer LGBT-specific or LGBT-related courses. These often have names like "Sexuality and Law," "Sexual Orientation and the Law," or use words "gay," "sexuality," or "gender" in the title. The LSAC website is a great starting point for this search. Check with each school to see how often a given course is offered. It is common for law schools to list all the courses they have offered in the last three to five years in their catalogues, even if the course was taught by a visiting professor or by a faculty member who has since moved to another school. Many law schools use visiting professors to teach courses that the students want but that the school does not yet perceive as a worthwhile investment. This makes determining what courses will be offered while you are a student difficult, but it also means that the school is open to the idea of the subject. Even if you have little to no interest in LGBT law, a school's willingness to represent LGBT issues is one way to note a school's commitment to LGBT students.

4. Look for a student organization for LGBT students. These are commonly called things like "Outlaws," "Lambda Law Students Alliance," "Rainbow Law Students Association," or "Lesbian, Bisexual, Gay Law Students Association." If there is a student organization, try to find out who the officers are or what the general email address is. Such information is usually available on the student organization's web page or may be obtained from the admissions office. E-mail a few students at the schools that you are seriously considering. Ask them questions abut their school. We receive dozens of these inquiries each year at UM Law and happily respond.

5. Look at the overall list of student organizations at the law schools you are considering. Even if there is an LGBT organization, the balance of other organizations may give you valuable information about the law school community at a particular school, i.e. whether the community supports a diverse range of student interests or is narrowly focused.

6. Always consider what you want to do with your law degree and how a particular school can help you get there. This includes not only the relative prestige of a given school, but its educational focus as well. Ask yourself: Is this the best school I can get into that meets my personal requirements? Does this school offer courses that I am interested in? Can I get into the courses I need or want to take?

7. Find out what graduates do after law school. What is the job placement rate at a given school? Most schools keep statistical information about where their students end up after graduation: law firms, government, private sector, public interest, clerkships, etc. If you are interested in working in non-profit and/or the public interest sector, does the school support these endeavors and how? UM Law has an office of public service that offers helpful job hunting tips and mentors students who wish to pursue public interest careers.

8. Look at a given school's non-discrimination statement. This should be printed in their application materials or on their website. If you cannot find it, call the admissions office and ask about it. Make sure the statement includes "sexual orientation" and/or "gender identity" (much less common). If it does not and you still would like to attend the school, you may have identified your first law school project. Many future students will thank you!

9. Find out if there is anyone on faculty who has written on law and sexuality issues or has a research interest in this area. This time-consuming search is best done after you have narrowed down your list of possible law schools; it involves reading faculty biographies.

10. Look at the legal clinic opportunities that a given school offers. Some schools also have formal or informal relationships with local legal service providers and will place students on a volunteer or for-credit basis. Keep in mind that even if a law school does not have an LGBT-specific legal clinic (and most do not), you may still end up working on LGBT-related issues or representing LGBT clients in a variety of unsuspecting settings.

11. Call or e-mail your nearest Stonewall Bar Association. You may have to call your local bar association and ask for information about a LGBT lawyers' committee or section. The contact person may have insight about a given law school.

12. Always remember that law students and lawyers are often, by nature, a relatively risk-averse population. You may be surprised by the number of closeted students you meet in law school. This is slowly changing, but it requires persistence and a core group of out and open law students and lawyers to create change.

13. Keep asking questions. Once you've identified your top choice schools or once you've heard back from some schools you are interested in, contact students at the schools. Even students who are identified as LGBT may be of help. Some of the most useful information may come from straight-identified students contacting you on behalf of the admission office after yo8u have been accepted.

14. Whatever else happens, try not to get discouraged. We very much need more LGBT and LGBT-friendly law students and legal professionals.



Now That You Are a Law Student, What's Next?

Once you reach campus, you may feel disoriented. But, there are a number of things you can do to create a community for yourself.

  • Join your law school's LGBT student organization. If one does not exist, consider starting one.
  • Ask about university-wide LGBT student organizations. Many universities have general LGBT graduate student organizations; these may be as informal as a mailing list or a schedule of interesting events worth attending.
  • Identify local LGBT and LGBT-friendly organizations with which you can get involved. An LGBT community center or resource line in your region may be able to help identify such organizations. Also, you might look in gay newspapers or alternative press.
  • Shape your legal education environment. Take an active role in your education.
  • Start an alumni database if one does not already exist. Ask your alumni or development office or your career services office if they will share contact information about LGBT graduates with you. These offices many not collect such information at all, but the contact could prove invaluable. If your school is not keeping tabs, ask them to consider doing so.

After You Graduate...

First, CONGRATULATE YOURSELF!!! You deserve it!

Stay in touch! Make sure you are included in your LGBT alumni database. Identify yourself to the law school's development or alumni office, the career services office, and the admission office. This way, when the school wants to put together a panel of openly GLBT attorneys or graduates or include you in the current database, they know who you are.


Alumni!

As the Outlaws group began rebuilding large numbers in the past few years, our alumni from years past were never forgotten. Many individuals knew one or two past graduates and the connections were always very fruitful, if sporadic. In 2003, the ad hoc Constitutional Committee added a standing committee with the goal of creating more formal and widespread ties with our alumni.

When the new Outlaws Constitution was approved in 2004, the newly created committee began an effort to locate as many alumni as possible. This was done by networking with those we knew at the time, and, before long, a list of alumni and contact information has built up that stretched back more than 25 years.

Soon after the creation of the list, the committee worked to establish a periodic newsletter to keep alumni informed about the great things going on in the LGBT community at UMLS. In the future, we hope to see more active involvement of UMich Outlaws alumni in the newsletter itself--to keep our alumni informed about the great things going on in each others' lives and careers.

The goals of alumni outreach are many, but include career networking, resource sharing, admissions promotion, fund raising, and active sharing of all that goes on with the University of Michigan Law School Outlaws world. The efforts are fledgeling, but our hopes are high and our enthusiasm to build a real community is proving to be quite contagious.

We will soon be working to refine our information for each of the alumni already contacted and are always on the lookout for more alumni from any year, even those who did not benefit from the active group when there were at the law school and even those who did not have the luck to have an active group on campus when they were attending.

If you're an alumnus/alumna from UMLS, we hope you'll let us know how you're doing. It's very inspirational for current students to hear the life stories of those in whose footsteps we are walking. Please, take a moment and send us a message at alumni@umoutlaws.org. We look forward to hearing from you.

~the alumni committee.

Newsletters:


Class Outlines!

Looking for class outlines?

We got'em, and we're practically giving them away. You probably reached this page via Google. We received so many outlines that we had to automate the process. You'll find our new outline collection here: www.umoutlaws.org/outlines.

Best wishes,
robert (outlaws secretary).


UMLS Outlaws Constitution

Preamble

We the Outlaws, in Happy Response to rapid growth and in Anticipation of continued expansion, in Order to form a more fabulous Student Organization, enhance and expand Justice within the Law School community and beyond, provide for the common defense against racism, sexism and homophobia, promote the general Welfare of queer students, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the Outlaws of the University of Michigan Law School.

Article 1 - Objectives

1.1 - To add the voices of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender law students to the dialogue of the law school and university communities;

1.2 - To embrace and learn from our straight allies;

1.3 - To increase the visibility and involvement of our LGBT students of color;

1.4 - To provide a forum for gay, bisexual, transgender, and lesbian students to meet and form a community;

1.5 - To reach out to other organizations not traditionally allied with Outlaws;

1.6 - To extend support for closeted law students;

1.7 - To keep our members informed of events and queer rights issues outside of the law school; and

1.8 - To change the world, one openly queer lawyer at a time.

Article 2 - Membership

2.1 - Membership in Outlaws is open to any individual interested in fulfilling the aforementioned objectives of Outlaws.

2.2 - Members may, at any General Meeting, register to vote with the Treasurer. Newly registered members may first vote at any subsequent meeting.

2.3 - Members may, by majority vote at a General Meeting, elect to impose annual or semester dues as a condition of membership.

2.4 - Membership will be extended to any present and past law students or members of the university community who identify with the goals of Outlaws.

2.5 - Honorary membership may be extended to any individual in appreciation of contributions to the organization by a majority vote of the membership.

ARTICLE 3 - THE INLAWS

3.1 - Statement of Support

Realizing that all LGBT persons come to terms with their sexual and/or gender identity in their own ways and on their own timelines, Outlaws respects the decisions made by our colleagues who remain in the closet.

Concurrently, Outlaws encourages Michigan Law Inlaws to explore coming out, either through discussion with a close friend or one of the Co-Chairs.

3.2 - Inlaws are encouraged to join the Outlaws listserv (only the moderator, sworn to secrecy, has access to the listserv member list).

3.3 - Inlaws are encouraged to vote in Outlaws elections. Interested persons who do not feel comfortable attending a General Meeting (such that they might be certified on the voter registry) may e-mail one of the Co-Chairs. During the April, September, and December elections (see Article 6), Inlaws may confidentially submit their votes to the Co-Chairs who will redact identifying information and forward the vote to the Election Committee.

3.4 - At the beginning of each semester, the Secretary will publicize on the bulletin board and through the listserv, the Outlaws' guarantees of confidentiality and provisions for Inlaw voting.

Article 4 - The Executive Board

4.1 - Composition of the Executive Board

The Executive Board will consist of nine positions to be elected by the general membership: The Co-Chairs, Treasurer, Secretary, 1L Representative, and the Chairpersons of the four Standing Committees.

4.2 - Terms of the Executive Board members

4.2.1 - One of the Co-Chairs, the Treasurer, and the Secretary are elected in the first week of April and begin their one-year terms with the last Executive Board meeting of the Winter Term.

4.2.2 - The other Co-Chair is elected in the first week of December and begins a one-year term with the last Executive Board meeting of the Fall Term.

4.2.3 - Chairpersons for each of the four Standing Committees listed in Article 5 will be elected no later than the third week of the Fall Semester. If no candidates run for the Chair of a Standing Committee, the Executive Board may appoint a general member as Chair. Chairpersons begin their one-year terms immediately upon election.

4.2.4 - The 1L Representative is elected no later than the third week of the Fall Semester and begins a one-year term immediately upon election.

4.3 - The Co-Chairs are responsible for the overall fabulousness and growth of the Outlaws. They establish the vision for the year and are responsible for keeping Outlaws a welcoming place for all. The Co-Chairs' duties include, but are not limited to:

4.3.1 - Serving as the spokespeople of Outlaws to the law school community and beyond;

4.3.2 - Establishing and maintaining relationships with the leaders of other Basement groups;

4.3.3 - Keeping inviolate any confidences made by Inlaws who desire secrecy;

4.3.4 - Signing any contracts that bind the Outlaws;

4.3.5 - Calling for and presiding over all meetings;

4.3.6 - Distributing the agenda before all meetings;

4.3.7 - Answering and recording all correspondence directed to the organization, and referring inquiries to the appropriate committee chairpersons.

4.4 - The Treasurer is responsible for the Outlaws budget and financing, and for monitoring the voter registry. The Treasurer's duties include, but are not limited to :

4.4.1 - Maintaining the list of registered voters;

4.4.2 - Moderating the Outlaws listserv, and adding and deleting members as need be. The moderator of the listserv shall keep the members confidential, even from the Co-Chairs;

4.4.3 - Accounting for the financial affairs of the organization;

4.4.4 - Paying bills of the organization when receipts for expenditures are turned in;

4.4.5 - Submitting periodic reports to the membership at November, February, and April;

4.4.6 - Proposing, by March 31, a budget for the following year to be adopted and submitted by the organization to the Law School Student Senate (LSSS);

4.4.7 - Attending, with one of the Co-Chairs, the LSSS budget hearings.

4.5 - The Secretary is responsible for communications, including meeting minutes, the bulletin board, and the website. The Secretary's duties include, but are not limited to:

4.5.1 - Recording minutes for all meetings and distributing the minutes to the general membership within two days of the meeting;

4.5.2 - Overseeing bulletin board responsibility as it rotates between the standing committees and keeping the bulletin board key;

4.5.3 - Maintaining a yearly calendar of activities;

4.5.4 - Serving as Webmaster for the Outlaws website. The Secretary is responsible for learning how to update the site and keeping the online calendar updated as events are planned.

4.6 - The New Students Representative's duties include, but are not limited to:

4.6.1 - Co-chairing the Social Committee and serving on any other committees of interest;

4.6.2 - Serving as a liaison between 1Ls, transfer students, LLMs, and the Outlaws Executive Board;

4.6.3 - Acting as Parliamentarian at Executive Board and General Meetings by deciding questions of parliamentary procedure and by ensuring that Outlaws functions under this Constitution.

4.7 - Duties of the Chairpersons of the Standing Committees include, but are not limited to:

4.7.1 - Informing the Executive Board of ongoing projects on at least a biweekly basis;

4.7.2 - Meeting with their respective committees at least monthly, or more frequently as needed;

4.7.3 - Reporting all expenditures to the Board and obtaining approval from the Executive Board before making expenditures over $100;

4.7.4 - Consulting with the Executive Board before setting dates for major events.

ARTICLE 5 - THE STANDING COMMITTEES

5.1 - Subcommittees may be formed as needed and must first be approved via majority vote of the Executive Board. The Chairperson of a Standing Committee also chairs all subcommittees of that Standing Committee. Other members of Standing Committees may co-chair subcommittees, but may not co-chair the Standing Committee.

5.2 - The Standing Committees, in addition to the duties listed below, will take monthly turns utilizing and decorating the Outlaws bulletin board. The Secretary establishes the yearly schedule, oversees the rotation, and keeps the bulletin board key.

5.3 - Alumni, Admissions and Faculty Recruiting Committee

5.3.1 - Composition: at minimum, one second-year student and one third-year student and one of the Co-Chairs;

5.3.2 - Contact admitted students and answer correspondence from prospective applicants;

5.3.3 - Organize Outlaws participation at Phone-a-Thons and other admissions events and update yearly the Outlaws information packet distributed;

5.3.4 - Organize, with the Social Committee, Outlaws' Preview Weekends activities;

5.3.5 - Create and maintain an alumni database;

5.3.6 - The Chairperson of this committee will send an e-mail newsletter each semester to alumni;

5.3.7 - A member of the committee shall attend all faculty recruitment interviews and report results to the general membership;

5.3.8 - Identify scholars and practitioners to nominate for faculty and administrative positions at the Law School on behalf of the organization, with approval of the general membership.

5.4 - Basement Group Relations and Special Events Committee

5.4.1 - Composition: open, but includes the Treasurer;

5.4.2 - Serve as liaisons to the other Basement groups at the law school, fostering increased cooperation and co-sponsorship of events;

5.4.3 - Schedule, with the Political Action and Speakers Committee and/or Social Committee, at least one joint event per year with each race-based student organization and WLSA;

5.4.4 - Communicate concerns from the Basement groups to the Executive Board and the general membership;

5.4.5 - Plan, organize, and oversee an annual banquet, symposium, and/or other large events, including fundraisers and other activities necessary for supporting a special event, recognizing that planning for such an event may take multiple years.

5.5 - Political Action and Speakers Committee

5.5.1 - Composition: open, but includes one of the Co-Chairs.

5.5.2 - Identify public education needs within the law school and develop relevant programming;

5.5.3 - Coordinate speaking events and solicit co-sponsorships from other organizations;

5.5.4 - Educate Outlaws and the broader law school community about LGBT issues at the local, state, national, and global levels, and solicit participants for appropriately related activism.

5.6 - Social Committee

5.6.1 - Composition: open, but this committee is co-chaired by the New Students Representative;

5.6.2 - Plan, organize, and advertise fabulous social events;

5.6.3 - Maintain a calendar of all social events and update the Executive Board and general membership as necessary;

5.6.4 - Schedule at least one event per year with supportive faculty and staff.

5.7 - Campus and Community Committee

5.7.1 Composition: open, but this position is assisted by the 1L Representative.

5.7.2 Plan, organize and collaborate with campus and community-wide GLBT groups, the University of Michigan Student Assembly, and the University of Michigan Office of LGBT Affairs.

5.7.3 Attend campus-wide and community meetings as necessary.

ARTICLE 6 - ELECTIONS

6.1 - The Election Committee

6.1.1 - The Election Committee is comprised of two or three members who are not running for office.

6.1.2 - Committee members should be formed three weeks before the election and may be appointed by the Co-Chairs or selected from volunteers.

6.1.3 - The Election Committee responsibilities include, but are not limited to: (1) publicizing the election date and the slate of nominated candidates, (2) choosing the polling place and the times to vote, (3) deciding on balloting procedures, including appropriate provisions for absentee voting, (4) overseeing ballot preparation, security and counting, (5) regulating campaign conduct and hearing and deciding election protests and appeals, (6) certifying election results and informing any candidate, so desiring, of the vote's tally, and (7) posting a list of winners the day following the election.

6.2 - Eligibility to Vote in Officer Elections

6.2.1 - Certified voters, defined in Article 2, are automatically eligible to vote in elections.

6.2.2 - Inlaws who are uncomfortable attending a General Meeting may contact a Co-Chair in accordance with Article 3. The Co-Chairs will redact identifying information and pass the votes on to the Election Committee to be included in the tally.

6.3 - Nominations

Outlaws members may nominate themselves for elected offices. Other members may nominate candidates provided that that candidate is also an Outlaws member.

ARTICLE 7 - MEETINGS

7.1 - Executive Board Meetings

7.1.1 - The Executive Board will meet on a regular basis and no less than twice a month. Special meetings shall be called upon the directive of one of the Co-Chairs or upon the directive of any three Executive Board members. A duly constituted meeting requires but two days notice.

7.1.2 - Action required prior to the next scheduled meeting may be taken without a meeting if a resolution of the action is signed in writing by the Co-Chairs after a majority of the Executive Board agrees either by voice vote via telephone or e-mail.

7.1.3 - The Executive Board must approve expenditures over $100. The General Membership must approve spending expenditures exceeding $500 dollars.

7.1.4 - Meetings shall be conducted according to Roberts Rules of Order.

7.1.5 - A quorum of the Executive Board will consist of fifty percent plus one member of the Executive Board membership. There will be no absentee voting at Executive Board meetings. Whenever a vote is taken, one of the Co-Chairs will count the votes and ensure that the motion, if approved, is accurately recorded.

7.2 - General Meetings

7.2.1 - The entire membership will meet on a regular basis, but not less than once per month. The regular scheduled meeting will be held during the first week of the month on the agreed day and time. A duly constituted General Meeting requires seven days posted notice.

7.2.2 - Special Meetings shall be called upon the directive of one of the Co-Chairs or upon the directive of any three Executive Board members. A duly constituted Special Meeting requires two days posted notice.
7.2.3 - To qualify to vote at General Meetings, a member, as defined in Article 2, must have attended at least one general membership meeting prior to the vote and signed the voter registry at that meeting. The Treasurer will maintain a list of all members qualified to vote.
7.2.4 - The General Membership must approve spending expenditures exceeding $500 dollars.

7.2.5 - Duly constituted General Meetings have no quorum requirement. Quorum at a duly constituted Special Meeting is twenty-five percent plus one of the registered voters.

7.3 - Co-Sponsorship of Events

7.3.1 The Executive Board, by majority vote, may co-sponsor an event with other Law School, University, or external organizations. Details of this vote, including the group seeking co-sponsorship, expense, and publicity, will be noted in the minutes. Approval of the General Membership is always required where co-sponsorship entails an expense above $500.

7.3.2 If, within 24 hours of distribution of the minutes, 20 percent of the registered voters notify the Secretary that they seek reconsideration of the co-sponsorship, the Secretary will announce a vote over e-mail. Voting will be open for 24 hours. All members of the Outlaws listserv may vote, even where they are not registered voters. Inlaws may vote via procedures outlined in § 3.3.

ARTICLE 8 – THE LAVENDER LAW CONFERENCE

8.1 - Statement of Vision

The annual Lavender Law Conference is an amazing opportunity to network with other LGBT attorneys. Unfortunately, funding constraints preclude sending all interested members of Outlaws. Recognizing that future budgets and bank balances cannot be anticipated, each fall an elected Lavender Law Committee will help the Executive Board determine the total funding available to send people to Lavender Law. With an eye towards maximum participation, the Lavender Law Committee will determine how many people can be funded and the priority by which funding is distributed.

8.2 - The Lavender Law Committee shall be made up of three elected members to be chosen during the Fall Semester elections (see § 4.2.3). Committee members will be ineligible to receive funding for Lavender Law attendance. Members of the Executive Board are eligible to concurrently serve on the Lavender Law Committee. After discharging its duties, the Lavender Law Committee disbands.

8.3 - After consultation with the Treasurer, the Lavender Law Committee will present a funding proposal to the Executive Board to be approved by majority vote of the Board. This funding decision, even if greater than $500, is not subject to the rule in § 7.2.4.

8.4 - The Lavender Law Committee will determine, within the approved funding limit, how many Outlaws members will receive funding to attend the Conference. In its discretion, the Committee may choose to fully fund and/or partially subsidize attendance. The Committee is encouraged to explore alternate housing and transportation methods that might enable greater numbers of Outlaws to attend.

8.5 - The Lavender Law Committee will determine recipients of Outlaws funding. The Committee may institute an application process for selection or, in making their decision, may use criteria including, but not limited to: members who have not yet attended the Conference, preferences for Executive Board members, or class year.

ARTICLE 9 - REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF EXECUTIVE BOARD MEMBERS

9.1 - Resignation and Excessive Absences
9.1.1 - Members and officials wishing to resign from elective or appointive positions must submit a signed letter of resignation to the Co-Chairs stating the reason therein.
9.1.2 - Three unexcused absences by an Executive Board member from a duly scheduled meeting during the member's respective one-year term will operate as a resignation.
9.1.3 - An unexcused absence is defined as a failure to notify the Executive Board of the member's absence. Notification occurs when the Board member e-mails an appropriate excuse to the Executive Board prior to the meeting.

9.2 - Impeachment

9.2.1 - The impeachment process shall be initiated by an active member filing charges against an officer or committee chairperson. Such charges must be filed in writing with one of the Co-Chair, or if such charges are against a Co-Chair, with the Treasurer. The petition containing such charges shall be signed by at least twenty-five percent of the active membership (as determined by the current voter registry).

9.2.2 - Impeachment proceedings will be automatically initiated by the Treasurer against any Co-Chair who intentionally breaks the confidence of an Inlaw.

9.2.3 - The officer receiving the petition shall notify the person against whom charges have been filed. That officer will also determine the date of the hearing to be held before the general body for the purpose of determining whether to impeach the charged officer or committee chairperson. That hearing must be held more than seven but less than fourteen days after receipt of the charges. The officer who received the petition will chair that hearing.

9.2.4 - The charged officer or committee chairperson will have the opportunity to speak at the hearing. The general membership will have the opportunity to question the charged officer or committee chairperson.

9.2.5 - At the close of the hearing, the registered voters in attendance will vote. Two-thirds of the entire voter registry is required for removal. To review, two-thirds of all registered voters must attend the hearing and vote for impeachment before an Executive Board member is removed from office.

ARTICLE 10 - AMENDMENTS AND RATIFICATION

10.1 - This Constitution will be ratified in its entirety by a two-thirds secret ballot of the members present at the Ratification Meeting. The provisions of the Constitution will be effective immediately upon ratification.

10.2 - This Constitution may be amended by two-thirds vote by secret ballot of the general membership.

10.3 - Amendments may be proposed by any registered voter. That voter must present their proposal to the Executive Board at least one week before a General Meeting, but approval by the Board is not necessary.
10.4 - No amendment may be adopted without the entire membership receiving a copy via e-mail one week prior to the meeting at which the amendment will be voted upon.

10.5 - A note on interpretation: while all writings are infused with meaning by their authors, the Framers of this Constitution request that any future interpretive efforts ignore our present meanings and instead supply any contemporary understandings that will lead to enhanced social justice.